PROVIDER-CIPHER(7)

NAME
provider-cipher - The cipher library <-> provider functions

SYNOPSIS
 #include <openssl/core_dispatch.h>
 #include <openssl/core_names.h>

 /*
  * None of these are actual functions, but are displayed like this for
  * the function signatures for functions that are offered as function
  * pointers in OSSL_DISPATCH arrays.
  */

 /* Context management */
 void *OSSL_FUNC_cipher_newctx(void *provctx);
 void OSSL_FUNC_cipher_freectx(void *cctx);
 void *OSSL_FUNC_cipher_dupctx(void *cctx);

 /* Encryption/decryption */
 int OSSL_FUNC_cipher_encrypt_init(void *cctx, const unsigned char *key,
                                   size_t keylen, const unsigned char *iv,
                                   size_t ivlen, const OSSL_PARAM params[]);
 int OSSL_FUNC_cipher_decrypt_init(void *cctx, const unsigned char *key,
                                   size_t keylen, const unsigned char *iv,
                                   size_t ivlen, const OSSL_PARAM params[]);
 int OSSL_FUNC_cipher_encrypt_skey_init(void *cctx, void *skeydata,
                                        const unsigned char *iv, size_t ivlen,
                                        const OSSL_PARAM params[]);
 int OSSL_FUNC_cipher_encrypt_skey_init(void *cctx, void *skeydata,
                                        const unsigned char *iv, size_t ivlen,
                                        const OSSL_PARAM params[]);
 int OSSL_FUNC_cipher_update(void *cctx, unsigned char *out, size_t *outl,
                             size_t outsize, const unsigned char *in, size_t inl);
 int OSSL_FUNC_cipher_final(void *cctx, unsigned char *out, size_t *outl,
                            size_t outsize);
 int OSSL_FUNC_cipher_cipher(void *cctx, unsigned char *out, size_t *outl,
                             size_t outsize, const unsigned char *in, size_t inl);

 /* Encryption/decryption using cipher pipeline */
 int OSSL_FUNC_cipher_pipeline_encrypt_init(void *cctx, const unsigned char *key,
                                            size_t keylen, size_t numpipes,
                                            const unsigned char **iv, size_t ivlen,
                                            const OSSL_PARAM params[]))
 int OSSL_FUNC_cipher_pipeline_decrypt_init(void *cctx, const unsigned char *key,
                                            size_t keylen, size_t numpipes,
                                            const unsigned char **iv, size_t ivlen,
                                            const OSSL_PARAM params[]))
 int OSSL_FUNC_cipher_pipeline_update(void *cctx, size_t numpipes,
                                      unsigned char **out, size_t *outl,
                                      const size_t *outsize,
                                      const unsigned char **in, const size_t *inl))
 int OSSL_FUNC_cipher_pipeline_final(void *cctx, size_t numpipes,
                                     unsigned char **out, size_t *outl,
                                     const size_t *outsize))

 /* Cipher parameter descriptors */
 const OSSL_PARAM *OSSL_FUNC_cipher_gettable_params(void *provctx);

 /* Cipher operation parameter descriptors */
 const OSSL_PARAM *OSSL_FUNC_cipher_gettable_ctx_params(void *cctx,
                                                        void *provctx);
 const OSSL_PARAM *OSSL_FUNC_cipher_settable_ctx_params(void *cctx,
                                                        void *provctx);

 /* Cipher parameters */
 int OSSL_FUNC_cipher_get_params(OSSL_PARAM params[]);

 /* Cipher operation parameters */
 int OSSL_FUNC_cipher_get_ctx_params(void *cctx, OSSL_PARAM params[]);
 int OSSL_FUNC_cipher_set_ctx_params(void *cctx, const OSSL_PARAM params[]);

DESCRIPTION
This documentation is primarily aimed at provider authors. See provider(7) for further information.

The CIPHER operation enables providers to implement cipher algorithms and make them available to applications via the API functions EVP_EncryptInit_ex(3), EVP_EncryptUpdate(3) and EVP_EncryptFinal(3) (as well as the decrypt equivalents and other related functions).

All "functions" mentioned here are passed as function pointers between libcrypto and the provider in OSSL_DISPATCH(3) arrays via OSSL_ALGORITHM(3) arrays that are returned by the provider's provider_query_operation() function (see "Provider Functions" in provider-base(7)).

All these "functions" have a corresponding function type definition named OSSL_FUNC_{name}_fn, and a helper function to retrieve the function pointer from an OSSL_DISPATCH(3) element named OSSL_FUNC_{name}. For example, the "function" OSSL_FUNC_cipher_newctx() has these:

 typedef void *(OSSL_FUNC_cipher_newctx_fn)(void *provctx);
 static ossl_inline OSSL_FUNC_cipher_newctx_fn
     OSSL_FUNC_cipher_newctx(const OSSL_DISPATCH *opf);

OSSL_DISPATCH(3) arrays are indexed by numbers that are provided as macros in openssl-core_dispatch.h(7), as follows:

 OSSL_FUNC_cipher_newctx                    OSSL_FUNC_CIPHER_NEWCTX
 OSSL_FUNC_cipher_freectx                   OSSL_FUNC_CIPHER_FREECTX
 OSSL_FUNC_cipher_dupctx                    OSSL_FUNC_CIPHER_DUPCTX

 OSSL_FUNC_cipher_encrypt_init              OSSL_FUNC_CIPHER_ENCRYPT_INIT
 OSSL_FUNC_cipher_decrypt_init              OSSL_FUNC_CIPHER_DECRYPT_INIT
 OSSL_FUNC_cipher_encrypt_skey_init         OSSL_FUNC_CIPHER_ENCRYPT_SKEY_INIT
 OSSL_FUNC_cipher_decrypt_skey_init         OSSL_FUNC_CIPHER_DECRYPT_SKEY_INIT
 OSSL_FUNC_cipher_update                    OSSL_FUNC_CIPHER_UPDATE
 OSSL_FUNC_cipher_final                     OSSL_FUNC_CIPHER_FINAL
 OSSL_FUNC_cipher_cipher                    OSSL_FUNC_CIPHER_CIPHER

 OSSL_FUNC_cipher_pipeline_encrypt_init     OSSL_FUNC_CIPHER_PIPELINE_ENCRYPT_INIT
 OSSL_FUNC_cipher_pipeline_decrypt_init     OSSL_FUNC_CIPHER_PIPELINE_DECRYPT_INIT
 OSSL_FUNC_cipher_pipeline_update           OSSL_FUNC_CIPHER_PIPELINE_UPDATE
 OSSL_FUNC_cipher_pipeline_final            OSSL_FUNC_CIPHER_PIPELINE_FINAL

 OSSL_FUNC_cipher_get_params                OSSL_FUNC_CIPHER_GET_PARAMS
 OSSL_FUNC_cipher_get_ctx_params            OSSL_FUNC_CIPHER_GET_CTX_PARAMS
 OSSL_FUNC_cipher_set_ctx_params            OSSL_FUNC_CIPHER_SET_CTX_PARAMS

 OSSL_FUNC_cipher_gettable_params           OSSL_FUNC_CIPHER_GETTABLE_PARAMS
 OSSL_FUNC_cipher_gettable_ctx_params       OSSL_FUNC_CIPHER_GETTABLE_CTX_PARAMS
 OSSL_FUNC_cipher_settable_ctx_params       OSSL_FUNC_CIPHER_SETTABLE_CTX_PARAMS

A cipher algorithm implementation may not implement all of these functions. In order to be a consistent set of functions there must at least be a complete set of "encrypt" functions, or a complete set of "decrypt" functions, or a single "cipher" function. Similarly, there can be a complete set of pipeline "encrypt" functions, and/or a complete set of pipeline "decrypt" functions. In all cases the OSSL_FUNC_cipher_get_params and both OSSL_FUNC_cipher_newctx and OSSL_FUNC_cipher_freectx functions must be present. All other functions are optional.

  Context Management Functions
OSSL_FUNC_cipher_newctx() should create and return a pointer to a provider side structure for holding context information during a cipher operation. A pointer to this context will be passed back in a number of the other cipher operation function calls. The parameter provctx is the provider context generated during provider initialisation (see provider(7)).

OSSL_FUNC_cipher_freectx() is passed a pointer to the provider side cipher context in the cctx parameter. This function should free any resources associated with that context.

OSSL_FUNC_cipher_dupctx() should duplicate the provider side cipher context in the cctx parameter and return the duplicate copy.

  Encryption/Decryption Functions
OSSL_FUNC_cipher_encrypt_init() initialises a cipher operation for encryption given a newly created provider side cipher context in the cctx parameter. The key to be used is given in key which is keylen bytes long. The IV to be used is given in iv which is ivlen bytes long. The params, if not NULL, should be set on the context in a manner similar to using OSSL_FUNC_cipher_set_ctx_params().

OSSL_FUNC_cipher_decrypt_init() is the same as OSSL_FUNC_cipher_encrypt_init() except that it initialises the context for a decryption operation.

OSSL_FUNC_cipher_encrypt_skey_init() and OSSL_FUNC_cipher_decrypt_skey_init() are variants of OSSL_FUNC_cipher_encrypt_init() and OSSL_FUNC_cipher_decrypt_init() for working with opaque objects containing provider-specific key handles instead of raw bytes.

OSSL_FUNC_cipher_update() is called to supply data to be encrypted/decrypted as part of a previously initialised cipher operation. The cctx parameter contains a pointer to a previously initialised provider side context. OSSL_FUNC_cipher_update() should encrypt/decrypt inl bytes of data at the location pointed to by in. The encrypted data should be stored in out and the amount of data written to *outl which should not exceed outsize bytes. OSSL_FUNC_cipher_update() may be called multiple times for a single cipher operation. It is the responsibility of the cipher implementation to handle input lengths that are not multiples of the block length. In such cases a cipher implementation will typically cache partial blocks of input data until a complete block is obtained. The pointers out and in may point to the same location, in which case the encryption must be done in-place. If out and in point to different locations, the requirements of EVP_EncryptUpdate(3) and EVP_DecryptUpdate(3) guarantee that the two buffers are disjoint. Similarly, the requirements of EVP_EncryptUpdate(3) and EVP_DecryptUpdate(3) ensure that the buffer pointed to by out contains sufficient room for the operation being performed.

OSSL_FUNC_cipher_final() completes an encryption or decryption started through previous OSSL_FUNC_cipher_encrypt_init() or OSSL_FUNC_cipher_decrypt_init(), and OSSL_FUNC_cipher_update() calls. The cctx parameter contains a pointer to the provider side context. Any final encryption/decryption output should be written to out and the amount of data written to *outl which should not exceed outsize bytes. The same expectations apply to outsize as documented for EVP_EncryptFinal(3) and EVP_DecryptFinal(3).

OSSL_FUNC_cipher_cipher() performs encryption/decryption using the provider side cipher context in the cctx parameter that should have been previously initialised via a call to OSSL_FUNC_cipher_encrypt_init() or OSSL_FUNC_cipher_decrypt_init(). This should call the raw underlying cipher function without any padding. This will be invoked in the provider as a result of the application calling EVP_Cipher(3). The application is responsible for ensuring that the input is a multiple of the block length. The data to be encrypted/decrypted will be in in, and it will be inl bytes in length. The output from the encryption/decryption should be stored in out and the amount of data stored should be put in *outl which should be no more than outsize bytes.

OSSL_FUNC_cipher_pipeline_encrypt_init(), OSSL_FUNC_cipher_pipeline_decrypt_init() OSSL_FUNC_cipher_pipeline_update(), and OSSL_FUNC_cipher_pipeline_final() are similar to the non-pipeline variants, but are used when the application is using cipher pipelining. The numpipes parameter is the number of pipes in the pipeline. The iv parameter is an array of buffers with IVs, each ivlen bytes long. The in and out are arrays of buffer pointers. The inl and outl, outsize are arrays of size_t representing corresponding buffer length as similar to the non-pipeline variants. All arrays are of length numpipes. See EVP_CipherPipelineEncryptInit(3) for more information.

  Cipher Parameters
See OSSL_PARAM(3) for further details on the parameters structure used by these functions.

OSSL_FUNC_cipher_get_params() gets details of the algorithm implementation and stores them in params.

OSSL_FUNC_cipher_set_ctx_params() sets cipher operation parameters for the provider side cipher context cctx to params. Any parameter settings are additional to any that were previously set. Passing NULL for params should return true.

OSSL_FUNC_cipher_get_ctx_params() gets cipher operation details details from the given provider side cipher context cctx and stores them in params. Passing NULL for params should return true.

OSSL_FUNC_cipher_gettable_params(), OSSL_FUNC_cipher_gettable_ctx_params(), and OSSL_FUNC_cipher_settable_ctx_params() all return constant OSSL_PARAM(3) arrays as descriptors of the parameters that OSSL_FUNC_cipher_get_params(), OSSL_FUNC_cipher_get_ctx_params(), and OSSL_FUNC_cipher_set_ctx_params() can handle, respectively. OSSL_FUNC_cipher_gettable_ctx_params() and OSSL_FUNC_cipher_settable_ctx_params() will return the parameters associated with the provider side context cctx in its current state if it is not NULL. Otherwise, they return the parameters associated with the provider side algorithm provctx.

Parameters currently recognised by built-in ciphers are listed in "PARAMETERS" in EVP_EncryptInit(3). Not all parameters are relevant to, or are understood by all ciphers.

RETURN VALUES
OSSL_FUNC_cipher_newctx() and OSSL_FUNC_cipher_dupctx() should return the newly created provider side cipher context, or NULL on failure.

OSSL_FUNC_cipher_encrypt_init(), OSSL_FUNC_cipher_decrypt_init(), OSSL_FUNC_cipher_update(), OSSL_FUNC_cipher_final(), OSSL_FUNC_cipher_cipher(), OSSL_FUNC_cipher_encrypt_skey_init(), OSSL_FUNC_cipher_decrypt_skey_init(), OSSL_FUNC_cipher_pipeline_encrypt_init(), OSSL_FUNC_cipher_pipeline_decrypt_init(), OSSL_FUNC_cipher_pipeline_update(), OSSL_FUNC_cipher_pipeline_final(), OSSL_FUNC_cipher_get_params(), OSSL_FUNC_cipher_get_ctx_params() and OSSL_FUNC_cipher_set_ctx_params() should return 1 for success or 0 on error.

OSSL_FUNC_cipher_gettable_params(), OSSL_FUNC_cipher_gettable_ctx_params() and OSSL_FUNC_cipher_settable_ctx_params() should return a constant OSSL_PARAM(3) array, or NULL if none is offered.

SEE ALSO
provider(7), OSSL_PROVIDER-FIPS(7), OSSL_PROVIDER-default(7), OSSL_PROVIDER-legacy(7), EVP_CIPHER-AES(7), EVP_CIPHER-ARIA(7), EVP_CIPHER-BLOWFISH(7), EVP_CIPHER-CAMELLIA(7), EVP_CIPHER-CAST(7), EVP_CIPHER-CHACHA(7), EVP_CIPHER-DES(7), EVP_CIPHER-IDEA(7), EVP_CIPHER-RC2(7), EVP_CIPHER-RC4(7), EVP_CIPHER-RC5(7), EVP_CIPHER-SEED(7), EVP_CIPHER-SM4(7), EVP_CIPHER-NULL(7), life_cycle-cipher(7), EVP_EncryptInit(3)

HISTORY
The provider CIPHER interface was introduced in OpenSSL 3.0.

The OSSL_FUNC_cipher_encrypt_skey_init() and OSSL_FUNC_cipher_decrypt_skey_init() were introduced in OpenSSL 3.5.

COPYRIGHT
Copyright 2019-2025 The OpenSSL Project Authors. All Rights Reserved.

Licensed under the Apache License 2.0 (the "License"). You may not use this file except in compliance with the License. You can obtain a copy in the file LICENSE in the source distribution or at <https://www.openssl.org/source/license.html>.