The Sidef Programming Language
=======

Sidef is a modern, high-level, general-purpose programming language, inspired by Ruby, Perl 6 and Julia.

```
            **   **         ****   *           *********   *********
          * * ** * *        ****   **          ** ** **    ** ** **
           **   **          ****   ***         *********   *  *  *
  **        **        **    ****   *  *        ******      ******
* * *     * * *     * * *   ****   ** **       ** **       ** **
 **        **        **     ****   ******      ******      *  *
       **   **              ****   *  *  *     *********   ***
     * * ** * *             ****   ** ** **    ** ** **    **
      **   **               ****   *********   *********   *
```

* The main features of Sidef include:

    * object-oriented programming
    * functional programming
    * functional pattern matching
    * optional lazy evaluation
    * multiple dispatch
    * lexical scoping
    * lexical closures
    * keyword arguments
    * regular expressions
    * support for metaprogramming
    * support for using Perl modules
    * optional dynamic type checking
    * big integers, rationals, floats and complex numbers

### WWW

* Gitbook: http://trizen.gitbooks.io/sidef-lang
* Tutorial: https://github.com/trizen/sidef/wiki
* RosettaCode: http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Sidef

## EXAMPLES

### The [Y combinator](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fixed-point_combinator#Fixed_point_combinators_in_lambda_calculus):
```ruby
var y = ->(f) {->(g) {g(g)}(->(g) { f(->(*args) {g(g)(args...)})})}

var fac = ->(f) { ->(n) { n < 2 ? 1 : (n * f(n-1)) } }
say 10.of { |i| y(fac)(i) }     #=> [1, 1, 2, 6, 24, 120, 720, 5040, 40320, 362880]

var fib = ->(f) { ->(n) { n < 2 ? n : (f(n-2) + f(n-1)) } }
say 10.of { |i| y(fib)(i) }     #=> [0, 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21, 34]
```

### Approximation of the [gamma function](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gamma_function):
```ruby
define ℯ = Num.e
define τ = Num.tau
 
func Γ(t, r=50) {
    t < r ? (__FUNC__(t + 1) / t)
           : (sqrt(τ*t) * pow(t/ℯ + 1/(12*ℯ*t), t) / t)
}
 
for i in (1..10) {
    say ("%.14f" % Γ(i/3))
}
```

### ASCII generation of the [Sierpinksi triangle](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sierpinski_triangle):
```ruby
func sierpinski_triangle(n) {
    var triangle = ['*']
    { |i|
        var sp = (' ' * 2**i)
        triangle = (triangle.map {|x| sp + x + sp} +
                    triangle.map {|x| x + ' ' + x})
    } * n
    triangle.join("\n")
}

say sierpinski_triangle(4)
```
Output:
```text
               *               
              * *              
             *   *             
            * * * *            
           *       *           
          * *     * *          
         *   *   *   *         
        * * * * * * * *        
       *               *       
      * *             * *      
     *   *           *   *     
    * * * *         * * * *    
   *       *       *       *   
  * *     * *     * *     * *  
 *   *   *   *   *   *   *   * 
* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
```

### ASCII generation of the [Mandelbrot set](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandelbrot_set):
```ruby
func mandelbrot(z, r=20) {
    var c = z
    r.times {
        z = (z*z + c)
        return true if (z.abs > 2)
    }
    return false
}

for y in (1 `downto` -1 `by` 0.05) {
    for x in (-2 `upto` 0.5 `by` 0.0315) {
        print(mandelbrot(Complex(x, y)) ? ' ' : '#')
    }
    print "\n"
}
```
Output:
```text
                                                                                
                                                            #                   
                                                        #  ###  #               
                                                        ########                
                                                       #########                
                                                         ######                 
                                             ##    ## ############  #           
                                              ### ###################      #    
                                              #############################     
                                              ############################      
                                          ################################      
                                           ################################     
                                         #################################### # 
                          #     #        ###################################    
                          ###########    ###################################    
                           ###########   #####################################  
                         ############## ####################################    
                        ####################################################    
                     ######################################################     
#########################################################################       
                     ######################################################     
                        ####################################################    
                         ############## ####################################    
                           ###########   #####################################  
                          ###########    ###################################    
                          #     #        ###################################    
                                         #################################### # 
                                           ################################     
                                          ################################      
                                              ############################      
                                              #############################     
                                              ### ###################      #    
                                             ##    ## ############  #           
                                                         ######                 
                                                       #########                
                                                        ########                
                                                        #  ###  #               
                                                            #                   
                                                                                
```

### More examples
   * For more examples, please see: [https://github.com/trizen/sidef-scripts](https://github.com/trizen/sidef-scripts)

### INTERACTIVE MODE

![sidef](https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/614513/32420413-973f20a2-c292-11e7-9c60-d58d84666232.png)

### AVAILABILITY

* **CPAN**: [https://metacpan.org/release/Sidef](https://metacpan.org/release/Sidef)
* **PKGS.org**: [https://pkgs.org/download/Sidef](https://pkgs.org/download/Sidef)
* **Arch Linux**: [https://aur.archlinux.org/packages/sidef/](https://aur.archlinux.org/packages/sidef/)
* **Slackware**: [https://slackbuilds.org/repository/14.2/perl/perl-Sidef/](https://slackbuilds.org/repository/14.2/perl/perl-Sidef/)

### LICENSE AND COPYRIGHT

* Copyright (C) 2013-2017 Daniel Șuteu, Ioana Fălcușan

This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
under the terms of the *Artistic License (2.0)*. You may obtain a copy
of the full license at:

http://www.perlfoundation.org/artistic_license_2_0

Any use, modification, and distribution of the Standard or Modified
Versions is governed by this Artistic License. By using, modifying or
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If your Modified Version has been derived from a Modified Version made
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This license does not grant you the right to use any trademark, service
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This license includes the non-exclusive, worldwide, free-of-charge
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